5. 형용사 (Adjective)
형용사
형용사구
a man of ability = an able man
a man of experience = an experienced man
a man of wisdom = a wise man / a man of learning = a learned man
a man of use = useful man / a man of sense = a sensible man
of great value = very valuable / of no use = useless
서술용법에만 쓰이는 형용사
afraid / awake / alone / asleep / ashamed / aware / alike / alive
content / unable / worth
▶ 한정 용법, 서술 용법
1. I found an empty box.
2. I'll tell you something very important.
3. He was awake all the night.
4. I found the cage empty.
▶ 한정용법에만 쓰이는 형용사
1. an inner pocket, the outer world
2. the former case, the upper lip
3. a woolen goods, a wooden box
4. a golden saying, a lone traveller
5. He is a drunken man.
He is drunk.
6. She is a mere child.
▶ 서술용법에만 쓰이는 형용사
1. I am afraid of death.
2. He was wide awake.
3. She is ashamed of her ignorance.
4. I was aware of the danger.
5. She is fond of music.
6. Be content with a small salary.
7. The bird is still alive.
Living octopuses are very expensive.
8. The baby is sound asleep. (sound ad. 깊이)
Don't wake up the sleeping baby.
9. It seemed the face of a man alive.
10. These twins are exactly alike.
11. This book is worth reading.
It looks like rain. (비가 올 것 같다.)
The rain looks like lasting. (장마가 될 것 같다.)
cf) The troubles are past. (그 고난은 과거의 것이 되었다.)
during the past year (과거 일 년 동안 - last year (작년)과는 다름)
▶ 한정용법과 서술용법의 차이점
1. He is the present king.
The king was present.
2. I was told it by a certain person.
It is certain that there are many ups and downs in our lives.
3. The present members are his supporters.
The numbers present are his supporters.
4. Brown was late for the meeting.
The late Brown was an able manager.
5. Raise your right arm.
Always do what is right.
▶ 형용사의 후위 수식
1. She is a lady beautiful, kind and rich.
He had a face thin and worn, but eager and resolute.
2. This is a useful dictionary.
I have a dictionary useful for children.
This a river two hundred miles long.
3. Please, give me something hot.
There is nothing new under the sun. (이 세상에 새로운 것은 없다.)
He seems to be somebody important.
Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.
4. I have tried every means possible.
We tired all means imaginable.
This is the best method conceivable.
He made use of the latest information available. (그는 입수할 수 있는 최신의 정보를 이용했다.)
5. He is the greatest poet alive.
All fish asleep stay still. (자고 있는 물고기는 조용히 있다.)
6. from time immemorial (옛날부터)
Asia Minor (소아시아)
God almighty (全能의 신)
the sum total (합계, 총계)
the authorities concerned (관계당국)
a poet laureate (계관 시인 - 월계관을 쓴 시인)
▶ 형용사의 어순
1. My first new salary is spent.
2. She is a tall thin old American lady.
3. those two large old stone bridges.
4. these first three big green apples.
5. some second two valuable small yellow old American watches
▶ the + 형용사[과거분사]의 용법
1. The rich have troubles as well as the poor. (복수보통명사)
The learned are apt to despise the ignorant.
The wounded were carried to the hospital.
The program pleased young and old. (형용사가 대조적으로 나열이 될 땐 정관사 the를 생략)
the wise, the foolish, ......
2. The deceased was a very upright statesman. (故人) (단수보통명사)
The accused was acquitted of the crime. (피고)
The dead was a strong man. (죽은 자)
3. The good and the beautiful do not always go together.
You must tell the wrong from the right.
The unknown is always mysterious and attractive.
the true=truth, the graceful=gracefulness (우아함)
▶ the good = goodness / the beautiful = beauty / the wrong (잘못된 것, 불의)
the right (올바른 것, 정의)
▶ 형용사의 어순
the second two valuable small yellow golden Swiss watch
1. a, an, the, some, any, no, this, that
2. first, second, last
3. one, two, three
4. heavy, valuable, kind
5. large, small, big, little
6. white, yellow, black
7. new, old, wooden, golden
8. American, Swiss
