49. 부정사의 형용사적 용법: 한정적, 서술적

2. 형용사적 용법

    1. 한정적 : 명사 + to + 동사원형 ┅ . (┅할, ┅하는, ┅해야 하는)

 

    2. 서술적 : 주어 + be동사 + to + 동사원형 ┅ .

                                            (┅할 예정인) (=be scheduled to=be due to)

                                            (┅할 작정인) (=intend to)

                                            (┅할 수 있는) (=be able to=can)

                                            (┅해야 하는) (=be obliged to=must=should)

                                            (┅할 운명인) (=be destined to=be doomed to)

                 주어 + seem[appear] + to + 동사원형 ┅. (┅인 것 같은, ┅한 것 같은)

                 주어 + happen[chance] + to + 동사원형 ┅. (우연히 ┅하는)

                 주어 + prove + to + 동사원형 ┅. (┅로 판명된)

                 주어 + come + to + 동사원형 ┅. (┅하게 되는)

                 주어 + 타동사 + 목적어 + to + 동사원형 ┅. (┅하는)

 

 

부정사의 형용사적 용법(한정적)

60. Please give me somethingto drink. (피수식어인 명사 something이 동사 drink의 의미상 목적어)

 

61. He has no friend to play with. (=with whom to play) (의미상 전차사의 목적어)

                                                     (=whom he will play with)

 

62. I have a letter to write. (=which I will write)

 

63. I have no pen to write with. (=which I can write with)

 

64. I want something to write on.

 

65. I have no house to live in. (=in which to live)

 

    ▶ The boss has nobody on whom to depend.

    ▶ I looked for some shade in which to take a rest.

    ▶ They gathered sticks with which to make fire.

 

66. I have no family to look after. (= whom I must look after)

 

67. I have no family to look after me. (의미상 주어) (= who will look after me)

 

68. There is one problem for him to solve. (= which he must solve)

 

69. I have no time to stay here. (의미상 시간부사) (= when I can stay here)

 

70. Practice is the only way to learn a foreign language. (의미상 방법부사)

                                           (= how we can learn a foreign language)

 

     • I have no one but you to depend on. 너밖에 의지할 사람이 없다.

 

 

▶ The most effective way to restore the balance is to reduce your overall calorie intake and to increase your level of physical activity. 

 

▶ Everyone in the world is seeking happiness, and there is one sure way to find it.

 

 

▶ To keep from dying, they find a protected place in which to spend the cold days.

    = To keep from dying, they find a protected place to spend the cold days in.

    = To keep from dying, they find a protected place in which they can spend the cold days.

 

 

▶ A person who knows English has a tool with which to explore every known field of study.

 

 

71. He made a promise to take me to the zoo. (의미상 동격)

 

72. She took the trouble to help me.

 

73. He has a tendency to think so.

 

74. He had the misfortune to be captured by air pirates.

 

▶ He had the kindness to help me in many ways.

    = It was kind of him to help me in many ways.

    = He was kind to help me in many ways.

    = He kindly helped me in many ways.

 

▶ Our attempts to communicate with another species are concerned mainly with giving orders in our language and having them obeyed. 

 

 

▶ We have the good fortune to live in a democracy. 

 

75. For them, work is natural necessity which has nothing to do with money.

 

▶ It would be wise of you to obtain enough information to help you better understand the nature of the jobs.

 

 

▶ One way to make a surname was to use a nickname, just like students sometimes do in school. 

 

 

▶ They are making laws to protect elephants.

▶ Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon in an attempt to better understand long-term loneliness. 

 

▶ Can the existence of many copies of a person totally destroy his or her uniqueness? The continuing research on cloning brings both blessings and disasters, depending on how we use it. We fully understand there should be roles to be played not only by leaders of society but also by lay people in determining the future direction of the scientific study of cloning.

                 *lay[lei] a. 평범한, 속세의 

 

 

▶ If a man enters a waiting room and sits at one end of long row of empty chairs, it is possible to predict where the next man to enter will seat himself. He will not sit next to the first man, nor will he sit at the far end. 

 

 

부정사의 형용사적 용법(서술적: 2형식, 5형식)

76. My house is not to be seen from the station.

      = We are not to see my house from the station.

 

77. She introduced me to the man who was to be her husband.

 

▶ He was never to see his hometown again. 

 

▶ His plan seemed to be too difficult, but before long it proved to be practicable.

 

 

▶ I thought we were saying goodbye forever. But we were to meet again, many years later, under very strange circumstances.

 

▶ The thought of all the things he has to learn sometimes fills a student with despair. The more sight of the thousands of strange words in an English dictionary sometimes paralyses the mind. Yet if we are to be students, we must patiently start to learn one and then another, step by step.

           *paralyse vt. ∼을 마비시키다

           *despair vi. 절망하다, n. 절망

 

78. He seems to be ill.

      = It seems that he is sick.

 

79. He seems to have liked her.

      = It seems that he has liked her. (or It seems that he liked her.)

 

80. They report that he was killed in a traffic accident.

      = It is reported (by them) that he was killed in a traffic accident.

      = He is reported to have been killed in a traffic accident.

 

80-1. I happened to meet her at the park.

        = It happened that I met her at the park.

 

80-2. I came to believe it.

 

▶ Everyone believes Marcioni (to be) the inventor of the ice cream cone.

    = Marcioni is believed to be the inventor of the ice cream cone.

    = Everyone believes that Marcioni is the inventor of the ice cream cone.

    = It is believed (by everyone) that Marcioni is the inventor of the ice cream cone.

 

▶ The wanted man is believed to be living in New York. 

 

81. I expect him to come.

     = I expect that he will come.

     ⇨ want, intend, expect, wish, hope, be likely, be sure, be certain, ┅

 

82. I expected him to come.

     = I expected that he would come.

 

83. I wished to have bought that house. (과거에 이루지 못했든 소망-유감)

     = I had wished to buy that house. (저집을 쌌어야 했는데.)

     = I wished to buy that house, but I couldn't.